A comprehensive survey of Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio sp. in seabirds from southeastern Brazil: outcomes for public health.

AIMS: To perform a microbiological survey regarding the presence, prevalence and characterization of Aeromonas sp. and Vibrio sp. in debilitated wrecked marine birds recovered from the centre-north coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS AND RESULTS: Swabs obtained from 116 alive and debilitated wrecked marine birds, comprising 19 species, from the study area were evaluated by biochemical methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests and pathogenicity gene screening were performed for bacterial strains of public health importance. Vibrio sp. and Aeromonas sp. were identified, as well as certain pathogenic genes and resistance to selected antimicrobials. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the identified bacteria, mainly Vibrio sp., are fairly prevalent and widespread among several species of seabirds and highlights the importance of migratory birds in bacterial dispersion. In addition, it demonstrates the importance of the bacterial strains regarding their pathogenic potential. Therefore, seabirds can act as bacterial reservoirs, and their monitoring is of the utmost importance in a public health context. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The study comprehensively evaluates the importance of seabirds as bacteria of public health importance reservoirs, since birds comprising several pathogenic bacterial species were evaluated.

Peritonite encapsulante esclerosante em cão (Canis familiaris): relato de caso / Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis in dog (Canis familiaris): case report

Um cão SRD, com cinco anos e histórico de ascite de evolução lenta com estruturas palpáveis foi submetido a exames clínicos, os quais foram inconclusivos. A laparotomia exploratória revelou que a cavidade abdominal estava repleta de líquido serossanguinolento e de múltiplos nódulos de diferentes tamanhos, com superfície irregular, aderidos aos peritônios visceral e parietal, sugestivos de neoplasia maligna. A eutanásia, seguida da necropsia para a coleta de amostras para o diagnóstico histopatológico, foi indicada. O exame anatomopatológico revelou nódulos sésseis e resistentes ao corte, constituídos de tecido conjuntivo fibroso e trabéculas ósseas em arranjo de osso esponjoso e osteoclastos em atividade. O diagnóstico definitivo foi peritonite encapsulante esclerosante.(AU)

A 5-year-old dog with chronic ascites was submitted to several clinical exams, which were inconclusive. Laparotomy revealed abdominal serosanguinous fluid and multiple nodules of several sizes with irregular surface, with visceral and parietal adhesion to the peritoneum, resembling malignant neoplasia. Euthanasia followed by necropsy and collection of samples to histopathological diagnosis was performed. Pathological exam revealed sessile nodules resistant to cut and the microscopy evaluation showed fibrous connective tissue and trabecular bone with sponge bone arrangement associated with active osteoclasts. The definitive diagnosis was sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.(AU)

Reliability of measurements made on scanned cast models using the 3 Shape R 700 scanner.

OBJECTIVES: In dentistry, the latest technological advancements have been incorporated primarily into diagnostic tools such as virtual dental models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of measurements made on digital cast models scanned in the 3 Shape R 700 scanner (3 Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) that uses a non-destructive laser beam to reproduce model surfaces so that the plaster model is not destroyed. METHODS: The sample consisted of 26 cast models, and 6 linear measurements were made on the cast models and compared with the same measurements on digital models. The measurements assessed were: (1) distance between mandibular canines; (2) distance between mandibular molars; (3) distance between canine and maxillary molar; (4) buccal-lingual diameter of maxillary central incisor; (5) distance between two points of the incisive papillae of maxillary and mandibular central incisors; and (6) distance between the buccal surface of the maxillary central incisor and the buccal surface of the mandibular antagonist (overjet). The Student's t-test or Wilcoxon test was used at 5% and the Lin's concordance test at 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: The overjet measurement was the only one that showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). A high level of concordance was found for all measurements. CONCLUSIONS: The digital models obtained from the 3 Shape R 700 scanner are reliable and can be considered an alternative to cast models for performing measurements and analyses in orthodontic practice.

Anatomopatologia de bursite cervical (oncocercose) encontrada em bovinos abatidos sob inspeção estadual no estado do Rio de Janeiro / Anatomopathology of onchocerciases (cervical bursitis) in slaughtered bovine in the north of Rio de Janeiro state

A patologia descritiva das lesões em animais domésticos de açougue permite enriquecer a literatura médica veterinária especializada em inspeção sanitária de carnes, assim como subsidiar tecnicamente os profissionais inspetores. A oncocercose é uma parasitose causada pelo nematódeo Onchocerca sp,, sendo que a espécie O. gutturosa é a que mais acomete bovinos na América do Sul. Foram avaliados, pelo exame anatomopatológico, dois casos de lesões localizadas no ligamento nucal de bovinos abatidos para o consumo. A macroscopia de um caso revelou bursite crônica, representada por grande quantidade de líquido citrino e viscoso e, ainda, muitos corpúsculos livres, elípticos e achatados desprovidos de raiz (arrizo). A microscopia dessas estruturas evidenciou moldes de fibrinas amorfos e eosinofílicos. O segundo caso foi caracterizado por bursite aguda, e a microscopia das lesões ligamentar e periligamentar revelou granulomas epitelioides com reação gigantocitária, centralizados por formações semelhantes ao Onchocerca sp...

The descriptive pathology of lesions in butcher's domestic animals contribute to enrich literature specialized in veterinary sanitary inspection of meat as well as to guide professional meat inspectors. Oncorcecose is a parasitic disease caused by the nematode Onchocerca sp, and the O. gutturosa species affects cattle in South America. Two cases of lesions located in the nuchal ligament of cattle slaughtered for consumption were evaluated by pathological examination. Macroscopic analysis revealed a case of chronic bursitis represented by a large amount of clear and viscous liquid, and also many free, elliptical and flat corpuscles. Microscopy showed arrizoides molds fibrin, amorphous, and eosinophilic structures. The second case was characterized by acute bursitis and microscopic lesions and ligament periligamentous revealed multiple epithelioid granulomas and giant cells centered on formations similar to Onchocerca sp...

Intra-oral mandibular sagittal osteotomy technique to correct mandibular distocclusion and mesio-occlusion. Study in canine cadavers.

Skeletal malocclusions may be due to disturbances in the growth of the mandible or maxilla. In most cases, discomfort is the result of tooth-to-tooth malocclusion or tooth-to-soft-tissue contact. Currently, in veterinary medicine, these problems are treated palliatively. In humans, orthognathic surgery is indicated to correct severe skeletal malocclusions, offering aesthetic and functional benefits to the patients. This research evaluated the effects of an intra-oral mandibular sagittal split osteotomy in 20 dog cadavers with skeletal malocclusion. After sagittal osteotomy and mandibular repositioning, the osteotomies were fixed with titanium mini-plates and 1.5 mm diameter screws or 1.5 mm bicortical screws. The statistical analysis revealed a significant occlusion difference in the treated cadavers (Wilcoxon test, p<0.05). In 19/20 cadavers there was correction of the angular osteotomy while the mandibular alveolar vessels and nerve were preserved during osteotomy and fixation in all cadavers. In conclusion, intra-oral mandible sagittal osteotomy allowed correction of malocclusion in cadavers. However, it would be important to prepare a preoperative orthodontic-surgical treatment plan to obtain a satisfactory occlusion during the surgery in clinical patients.

Diagnóstico microbiológico e histopatológico de mortalidade em avestruzes (Struthio camelus) / Microbiological and histological diagnosis in mortality of ostrich (Struthio camelus)

Several young ostrich, including nestlings, with lassitude and inappetence followed by death or victim of sudden death were immediately brought to diagnosis at an Animal Health Laboratory. At necropsy, animals presented hemorrhage and altered content of the vitelline sac, and necrotic foci in the small intestine; one animal showed necrotic pleuropneumonia with psammomatosus bodies in the lung parenchyma. The cultures from different samples revealed Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter aglomerans, and Pseudomonas mendocina. It was suggested one case of septicemia in an animal with exclusive growth of K. pneumoniae isolated from samples of small intestine, lung, and liver.

Pulmonary cryptococcosis in slaughtered sheep: anatomopathology and culture.

Cryptococcosis is considered a zoonosis but is rare in stock animals. In humans it is imputed to be a mortality cause in immunocompromised patients. This case study reports the anatomopathology of respiratory cryptococcosis in ovine and the recuperation and identification of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans from 1-year frozen lung tissue sample. The findings from haematoxylin/eosin staining microscopy and special staining showed the destruction of the columnar respiratory epithelium architecture associated to suppuration, and the growth of spherical yeast buddings sometimes involved by clear halo produced by unstained capsular substance. The agent was identified by miniApi ID32C, while variety neoformans was further identified by culture in CGB agar. The diagnosis in stock animal suggests the involvement of an exogenous source of the agent as an alert to public health and contributes for epidemiological investigations.

Demodicose bovina: relato de caso / Bovine demodicosis: a case report

Amostras de tecidos colhidas à necropsia de uma vaca da raça Holandesa, nove anos de idade, foram fixadas em formol neutro a 10% e enviadas para exames histológicos. A macroscopia não revelou lesões nodulares cutâneas típicas de demodicose. Secções microscópicas de tegumento cutâneo da vulva evidenciaram ácaros (Demodex bovis) isolados ou em grupos no interior de folículos pilosos e glândulas sebáceas.